It sounds like you need to use a framework rather than create one. A framework such as Java Server Faces (JSF) will provide you with tags you can use for all standard UI widgets. Generally it's better to use tried and tested components instead of writing your own so that all the hard work of cross-browser compatibility is taken care of. It also helps you separate the funcionality from the presentation style. JSF also provides easy ways to implement validation.
There can a steep learning curve using any web framework for the first time so you're best to start off with a simple app and gradually add complexity.
Edit: you've said you've already got a spring back-end. Well JSF can be used along with spring (and in my experience they work well) but you may also want to just use the spring form tags. Either way you'll want to learn about jsp pages and tags.
If you have sets of common form/page elements you want to re-use across pages you can extract them to their own files and include these in multiple pages. You can also write your own custom tags if you need something not covered by the included ones.